Troubling Technology: The Deobandī Debate on the Loudspeaker and Ritual Prayer (Article)

Author: Ali Altaf Mian

Excerpt: In the Hanafī School, prayer becomes invalid if the imām follows the corrections of a non-muqtadī, while the muqtadī’s prayer becomes invalid if the audible instructions of someone other than the imām are followed, excluding mukabbirūn due to their mention in hadīth reports.